Bible Study Psalms 90
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Psalms 90 · WEB

Teach Us to Number Our Days

Listen — WEB narration 0:00 / 0:00 Narration: World English Bible (David Williams), public domain — AudioTreasure.

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Lord, you have been our dwelling place for all generations.
2Before the mountains were brought forth, before you had formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting, you are God.
3You turn man to destruction, saying, "Return, you children of men."
4For a thousand years in your sight are just like yesterday when it is past, like a watch in the night.
5You sweep them away as they sleep. In the morning they sprout like grass.
6In the morning it flourishes and sprouts. By evening, it is withered and dry.
7For we are consumed in your anger. We are troubled in your wrath.
8You have set our iniquities before you, our secret sins in the light of your presence.
9For all our days pass away in your wrath. We bring our years to an end as a sigh.
10The days of our years are seventy, or even by reason of strength eighty years; yet their pride is but labor and sorrow, for it passes quickly, and we fly away.
11Who knows the power of your anger? Your wrath is as awesome as the fear that is due to you.
12So teach us to number our days, that we may gain a heart of wisdom.
13Relent, Yahweh! How long? Have compassion on your servants!
14Satisfy us in the morning with your loving kindness, that we may rejoice and be glad all our days.
15Make us glad for as many days as you have afflicted us, for as many years as we have seen evil.
16Let your work appear to your servants, your glory to their children.
17Let the favor of the Lord our God be on us. Establish the work of our hands. Yes, establish the work of our hands.

Summary

Psalm 90 is the oldest psalm in the Psalter — attributed to Moses — and one of its most profound meditations. It opens with the eternal God who has been Israel's home for all generations, contrasted with humanity's brevity and transience under divine judgment. The heart of the psalm is verse 12: "Teach us to number our days, that we may gain a heart of wisdom." The closing petition asks God to make his favor visible in our work — the desire to build something lasting within the limits of our brief lives.

Themes

  • The eternal God contrasted with the brevity of human life
  • Divine anger as the context in which human transience is experienced
  • The prayer for wisdom born from honest reckoning with mortality
  • God's loving kindness satisfying at morning as the antidote to brevity
  • Establishing the work of our hands — lasting fruit within limited lives

Key verses

  • Ps 90:12 — “So teach us to number our days, that we may gain a heart of wisdom.”
  • Ps 90:17 — “Let the favor of the Lord our God be on us. Establish the work of our hands.”
  • Ps 90:2 — “Before the mountains were brought forth... even from everlasting to everlasting, you are God.”

Context & background

Psalm 90 opens Book IV (Psalms 90-106) and is the only psalm attributed to Moses. It may have been composed during the wilderness wandering — the generation that died in the desert under God's judgment (Numbers 14). The famous "seventy years" or "eighty by reason of strength" (v. 10) is not primarily a health statistic but a theological statement about the limits of human life under judgment. "A thousand years in your sight are like yesterday" (v. 4) — the apostle Peter quotes this in 2 Peter 3:8 in his discussion of why Christ's return seems delayed. The prayer to "number our days" (v. 12) is the wisdom tradition's foundational discipline: mortality awareness as the beginning of wisdom.

Cross-references

  • 2 Peter 3:8 — Peter quotes v. 4 about God's time in the context of the delayed parousia
  • Colossians 3:23 — "whatever you do, work at it with all your heart" — v. 17's established work
  • Ecclesiastes 7:2 — "it is better to go to the house of mourning" — v. 12's numbering of days
  • James 4:14 — "you are a mist that appears for a little time" — vv. 5-6's transience
  • Numbers 14 — the wilderness generation under judgment — Moses's context for this psalm

Check your reading

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  1. Observe

    What comparisons describe the brevity of life (vv. 4-6)?

  2. Observe

    What is the relationship between numbering days and gaining wisdom (v. 12)?

  3. Interpret

    What does it mean to have God as one's dwelling place (v. 1)?

  4. Interpret

    Why does mortality awareness produce wisdom?

  5. Apply

    What work most wants to matter beyond one's years, and what would it look like to ask God to establish it?

  6. Apply

    How do mornings shape days (v. 14)?

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