Bible Study Psalms 138
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Psalms 138 · WEB

I Will Praise You with My Whole Heart

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I will give you thanks with my whole heart. Before the gods, I will sing your praises.
2I will bow down toward your holy temple, and give thanks to your name for your loving kindness and for your truth; for you have exalted your name and your word above all.
3In the day that I called, you answered me. You encouraged me with strength in my soul.
4All the kings of the earth will give you thanks, Yahweh, for they have heard the words of your mouth.
5Yes, they will sing of the ways of Yahweh, for great is the glory of Yahweh.
6For though Yahweh is high, yet he looks after the lowly; but the proud he knows from afar.
7Though I walk in the middle of trouble, you will revive me. You will stretch out your hand against the wrath of my enemies. Your right hand will save me.
8Yahweh will fulfill that which concerns me. Your loving kindness, Yahweh, endures forever. Don't forsake the works of your own hands.

Summary

Psalm 138 is David's psalm of whole-hearted gratitude for an answered prayer. He praises before the gods (angelic or divine beings), anticipates that kings throughout the earth will acknowledge Yahweh, and then returns to his specific situation: walking in the middle of trouble, preserved by God's right hand. The closing verse is a prayer of confidence: "Yahweh will fulfill that which concerns me" — one of the most comprehensive statements of trust in the Psalter.

Themes

  • Whole-hearted praise as a deliberate choice
  • Answered prayer as the occasion and content of thanksgiving
  • God's attention to the lowly versus his distance from the proud
  • Trouble as the ongoing context within which God's preservation is trusted
  • "Fulfill that which concerns me" — God completing what he begins

Key verses

  • Ps 138:3 — “In the day that I called, you answered me. You encouraged me with strength in my soul.”
  • Ps 138:6 — “Though Yahweh is high, yet he looks after the lowly; but the proud he knows from afar.”
  • Ps 138:8 — “Yahweh will fulfill that which concerns me. Your loving kindness, Yahweh, endures forever.”

Context & background

Psalm 138 opens the final Davidic collection (138-145) within Book V. The phrase "before the gods" (v. 1) likely refers to the divine assembly or heavenly beings (cf. Psalm 82) — David praises Yahweh in the presence of any competing divine claims, asserting Yahweh's supremacy. "You have exalted your name and your word above all" (v. 2) is a remarkable claim: God's name and word stand over all things. The anticipated praise of kings (vv. 4-5) is a messianic anticipation — Psalm 72 and Isaiah 60 envision the same gathering of nations. "He looks after the lowly; but the proud he knows from afar" (v. 6) echoes the Mary's Magnificat, the Beatitudes, and James 4:6 — the persistent reversal that characterizes God's kingdom economy. "Fulfill that which concerns me" (v. 8) is a trust statement about completion — God finishes what he starts.

Cross-references

  • Isaiah 60:3 — "nations will come to your light, and kings to the brightness of your dawn" — vv. 4-5
  • James 4:6 — "God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble" — v. 6
  • Luke 1:46-52 — Mary's Magnificat — v. 6's lowly/proud reversal
  • Philippians 1:6 — "he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion" — v. 8's fulfillment
  • Psalm 57:7 — "my heart is steadfast" — the opening attitude of the whole-hearted v. 1

Check your reading

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  1. Observe

    What is the content of David's praise (vv. 1-3)?

  2. Observe

    What contrast appears in v. 6?

  3. Interpret

    What does it mean prayer is answered through internal transformation?

  4. Interpret

    What does "Yahweh will fulfill that which concerns me" mean?

  5. Apply

    What is preventing wholehearted thanksgiving today?

  6. Apply

    What does it mean to pray "don't forsake the works of your own hands"?

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