Bible Study Matthew 14
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Matthew 14 · WEB

John Beheaded; Five Thousand Fed; Walking on Water

Listen — WEB narration 0:00 / 0:00 Narration: World English Bible (David Williams), public domain — AudioTreasure.

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At that time, Herod the tetrarch heard the report concerning Jesus,
2and said to his servants, "This is John the Baptizer. He is risen from the dead. That is why these powers work in him."
3For Herod had arrested John, and bound him, and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife.
4For John said to him, "It is not lawful for you to have her."
5When he would have put him to death, he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet.
6But when Herod's birthday came, the daughter of Herodias danced among them and pleased Herod.
7Therefore he promised with an oath to give her whatever she should ask.
8She, being prompted by her mother, said, "Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptizer."
9The king was grieved, but for the sake of his oaths, and of those who sat at the table with him, he commanded it to be given,
10and he sent and beheaded John in the prison.
11His head was brought on a platter, and given to the young lady; and she brought it to her mother.
12His disciples came, and took the body, and buried it. Then they went and told Jesus.
13Now when Jesus heard this, he withdrew from there in a boat, to a deserted place apart. When the multitudes heard it, they followed him on foot from the cities.
14Jesus went out, and he saw a great multitude. He had compassion on them, and healed their sick.
15When evening had come, his disciples came to him, saying, "This place is deserted, and the hour is already late. Send the multitudes away, that they may go into the villages, and buy themselves food."
16But Jesus said to them, "They don't need to go away. You give them something to eat."
17They told him, "We only have here five loaves and two fish."
18He said, "Bring them here to me."
19He commanded the multitudes to sit down on the grass; and he took the five loaves and the two fish, and looking up to heaven, he blessed, broke and gave the loaves to the disciples; and the disciples gave to the multitudes.
20They all ate, and were filled. They took up twelve baskets full of that which remained left over from the broken pieces.
21Those who ate were about five thousand men, in addition to women and children.
22Immediately Jesus made the disciples get into the boat, and to go ahead of him to the other side, while he sent the multitudes away.
23After he had sent the multitudes away, he went up into the mountain by himself to pray. When evening had come, he was there alone.
24But the boat was now in the middle of the sea, distressed by the waves, for the wind was contrary.
25In the fourth watch of the night, Jesus came to them, walking on the sea.
26When the disciples saw him walking on the sea, they were troubled, saying, "It's a ghost!" and they cried out for fear.
27But immediately Jesus spoke to them, saying, "Cheer up! It is I! Don't be afraid."
28Peter answered him and said, "Lord, if it is you, command me to come to you on the waters."
29He said, "Come!" Peter stepped down from the boat and walked on the waters to come to Jesus.
30But when he saw that the wind was strong, he was afraid, and beginning to sink, he cried out, saying, "Lord, save me!"
31Immediately Jesus stretched out his hand, took hold of him, and said to him, "You of little faith, why did you doubt?"
32When they got up into the boat, the wind ceased.
33Those who were in the boat came and worshiped him, saying, "You are truly the Son of God!"
34When they had crossed over, they came to the land of Gennesaret.
35When the people of that place recognized him, they sent into all that surrounding region and brought to him all who were sick;
36and they begged him that they might just touch the fringe of his garment. As many as touched it were made whole.

Summary

Herod the tetrarch beheads John the Baptist after a rash oath at his birthday celebration. Jesus withdraws to a deserted place but, moved with compassion for the crowds who follow him, miraculously feeds over five thousand with five loaves and two fish. Later that night he walks across the Sea of Galilee to his struggling disciples; Peter steps out of the boat in faith but sinks when he focuses on the wind. The disciples worship Jesus as the Son of God, and the crowds at Gennesaret are healed by simply touching his garment.

Themes

  • Compassion that meets human need
  • Faith and doubt in the storm
  • Jesus' authority over creation
  • The cost of speaking truth to power
  • Worship as the response to revelation

Key verses

  • Matt 14:14 — “Jesus went out, and he saw a great multitude. He had compassion on them, and healed their sick.”
  • Matt 14:27 — “Cheer up! It is I! Don't be afraid.”
  • Matt 14:31 — “You of little faith, why did you doubt?”
  • Matt 14:33 — “You are truly the Son of God!”

Context & background

Herod Antipas ruled Galilee and Perea (modern northern Israel and northwest Jordan) under Rome; he had imprisoned John, likely at the fortress of Machaerus east of the Dead Sea in modern Jordan. The feeding miracle takes place in a remote area on the shores of the Sea of Galilee, a freshwater lake in northern Israel. The walking-on-water account occurs on the same lake, with the disciples arriving at Gennesaret, a small fertile plain on the northwestern shore between Capernaum and Magdala. The fringe of Jesus' garment refers to the tassels (tzitzit) that observant Jewish men wore on the corners of their cloaks per Numbers 15.

Cross-references

  • 2 Kings 4:42-44 — Elisha multiplies bread; foreshadows the feeding miracle.
  • Job 9:8 — God "treads on the waves of the sea."
  • John 6:1-21 — Parallel account of the feeding and the water walking.
  • Matt 8:26 — Earlier rebuke for "little faith" in a storm on the same lake.
  • Psalm 77:19 — "Your way was through the sea" — God walking on water.

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  1. Observe

    Why does Herod have John the Baptist arrested and imprisoned?

  2. Observe

    What happens when Peter steps out of the boat onto the water, and what does Jesus say to him?

  3. Interpret

    Jesus feeds five thousand with five loaves and two fish and has twelve baskets of fragments left over. What does this miracle most centrally reveal about Jesus' identity and mission?

  4. Interpret

    Peter's faith enables him to walk on water, but fear of the wind causes him to sink. What is the difference between these two moments, and what does Jesus' response teach about faith and doubt?

  5. Apply

    Jesus initially withdrew after hearing of John's death, but when the crowds followed, he responded with compassion and healed them. What does this model for a believer who needs rest but is faced with others' genuine needs?

  6. Apply

    After Jesus walks on water and calms the wind, the disciples worship him and say "You are truly the Son of God." What should seeing Jesus' authority over creation do to a believer's worship today?

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